The reason it's called the solar system
Is because our sun is called Sol (yes it has a name, just like the planets), and the system is named after the star.
Your wilful rejection of reality doesn't change this.
At no point is there a shining quarter tree.
In that crappy video maybe. But you can easily get it in real life.
Get a light, a very bright one, and shine it towards a tree.
Then go stand looking at the tree from a right angle from where the light is hitting it.
It is really simple.
The additional complication you will face is that the tree is on Earth, with an atmosphere getting in the way, and lots of surfaces nearby which can scatter the light.
So for best results, put the tree in a pitch black room, as dark as possible, and as large as possible, with the tree suspended in the middle of the room.
This is not hard to understand, and pretty much anyone who has bothered thinking about lighting and shadows understands this.
If the moon's phase actually moved through the sky through rotation, then over the course of a single phase, it should always rise at the same time of day for the same time zone, should it not?
No, it shouldn't.
For the same reason that the sun doesn't rise at the same time for everyone.
The moon is not orbiting perfectly around the equator. So even if you just pick a single line of longitude, it will not rise at the same time every day.
If you want that, you need to pick a point where the moon is above the equator.
You then also need to note that as soon as you go off that same line of longitude, the rise time will vary. Both because you are now looking at a different spot on Earth, and because that change in time is also going to allow the moon to orbit a bit more to change the phase and change when it rises. It gets even more complicated when you change the day.
Again, if you want to do it honestly, look at the time it passes Meridian.
For the moon, however, it doesn't matter what phase it's in. In Chicago, the quarter moonrise on the 2nd is 1pm.
Yes, the 1st quarter moonrise on the 2nd is 1:03 pm, with the timezone UTC-5.
Going back to last month, it is 12:07 pm.
The month before it is 12:05 pm.
The month before it is 10:47 am.
The month before it goes to a different time offset and they had 9:56 am, which would be equivalent to 10:56 am.
Then 10:33 am (equivalent to 11:33 am).
Then 11:09 am (equivalent to 12:09 pm).
And that is half the year.
I can do more if needed. But we see it varies from 10:47 am at the earliest and 2:54 pm at the latest (in August).
That varies by just over 4 hours.
Part of this is simply because the moon isn't aligning its phase to the rise time, so there will be some offset (remember, almost an hour each day).
Meanwhile you are happy with the sun varying from 4 to 9.
But again, being honest and using the meridian, we see (adjusting so all are UTC-5)
6:43 in Jan
7:16
7:08
7:00
7:31
6:54
6:51
Again, such consistency.
If we instead go to Madrid, we very quickly run into a problem.
In Jan, the 1st quarter is 6th for Chicago and 7th for Madrid.
But then in Feb, it is the 5th for both.
This is because the phase happens at a particular point in time
And if you don't take this into account, you will end up off by over an hour.
So I will use the same DAY, so using the dates that the 1st quarter moon is for Chicago, to avoid the day offset.
Again keeping the timezone fixed so all times are UTC+2, we have
7:56
8:27
8:18
8:11
8:44
8:09
8:06
So basically just over 1 hour delayed.
But no, that 1 hour offset is NOT a problem.
That is because time zones are not magically aligned to every city in them.
And there are 2 ways to look at this.
The simplest is using solar noon.
Solar noon was 12:54 in Chicago on the 1nd and in Madrid it was 2:18, so a comparable offset.
So clearly it works fine, and you are still yet to show a fault.
Clearly, the moon is NOT being pulled along by Earth's rotation.
There you go trying to set up another irrelevant strawman.
we kinda have this issue.
You mean you have pathetic vague BS which you just lie about.
Basically, we have the moon in a consistent cycle. But in an orbit around the sun, this is impossible
Why?
Stop just asserting pathetic BS. Clearly explain just what makes it impossible.
Remember, other than a slight change in timings, all it takes to remove a simple orbit is rotating the entire system.
Just look at how utterly pathetic and delusional that crappy diagram is, and look at how pathetic and desperate and brainless it clearly shows you to be.
You appear to want to have the phases of the moon just based upon the angle of the moon in its orbit with absolutely nothing to do with the sun.
So much so that you are happy pretending the full moon should switch to be when the sun is behind the moon, which makes no sense at all.
If you bothered thinking about that complete and utter crap for a second you would realise it is crap.
But because you are far more interested in pretending the RE doesn't work, you are happy to regurgitate it here like a good little cultist.
Nor is it a solid sphere
or it would significantly be different from the phases depicted.
Try again.
It isn't a highly polished sphere.
Now stop with all the pathetic BS, and start explaining how the phases of the moon work in your delusional fantasy or show an actual problem with the RE, and again, vague pathetic crap and your pathetic lies don't count.