What satellite took that fake shadow pic?
A fake shadow pic? No satellite. It's fake, remember? Duh!
Some
real shadow pictures
here are from GOES and ISS.
And MOST IMPORTANTLY why isn't the actual moon and sun being photographed?
Do you know much about photography? Given the question, it doesn't seem so.
First of all, since the "shadow on earth" pictures are pointing toward the Earth and away from the Sun and Moon, why would you expect to see the Sun and Moon in the frame? Do you even think about the questions you're asking?
Second, if the Sun is exposed so that it isn't completely blown, out everything else would be so underexposed to be black. See the SDO, Hinode, and Proba-2 examples in that link. Notice that you only see the silhouette of the Moon in those.
What's that fake shadow going to do for us?
For one thing, it's pretty cool! If you pay attention you might see that half of the Earth isn't seeing that total solar eclipse, which is only inside the dark smudge covering only a small portion of the sunny side of the Earth.
If you simply continue to ignore what you don't want to admit, then what it does for you is...
Nada..