1. Correct. So your entire basis is "I can't disprove it so it must be true"?
No, it's simply that you can't verify the legitimacy, so you should not trust it's validity.
2. Can you show me any other example where a light source is blocked by a shadow? (ie. like a flashlight having
Sure. A book in front of a flashlight.
3. Not according to you. I think I understand it fine. Tom says that the light from the sun passes through a thicker atmosphere as it get's farther away. This causes the light to diffuse and appear larger than it really is. He then goes on to say it happens with car and city lights. He then goes on to say that a flashlight pointed at a wall will have a larger radius of light the farther away it is from the wall and smaller radius the closer to the wall it is.
What's the confusion?
1. Well I trust my eyes and my eyes say that there is an ISS in orbit. And since the only way to "know" it's there by your standards is to go up there, I'm out of luck because if I did, you'd claim I was part of the conspiracy and thus invalid as a source of data. Can't have it both ways.
2. I think you need a dictionary, a book is not a shadow. A book is a solid object that blocks line of sight. A shadow does not block line of sight. A shadow is simply a lack of light on a surface. Since the moon is self illuminating(according to you), it's impossible to create a shadow on it.
3. If I apply a polarized filter to filter out the diffuse light, I still see a circle. And during sunset, the sun is very well defined in it's shape. When looking at car headlights from a distance, they appear fuzzy around the edges, far more than the sun does. It doesn't look like diffusion. (that's the magnification BTW)