The difference is nearly 1 hour!
Because of time zones.
Time zones are typically separated by country or state rather than 15 degrees, where for example China, even though it is quite large, has a single time zone.
This means many places do not have a time zone running through the entire longitude.
See this map:
You are probably interested in this region here:
If we use the reference of UTC at 0 degrees east as +0, then these cities, being at roughly 107 degrees East should be roughly +7.066 hrs (105 degrees east would be the "perfect" +7 hours.
Jakarta, in blue, is in UTC+7.
But Ulaanbataar, in green, is in UTC +8.
That means their clock is 1 hour off compared to Jakarta.
At 5:42 AM in Jakarta, it is 6:42 AM in Ulaanbataar.
That means instead of a 1 hour time difference you are looking at a 3 minute time difference.
As the equinox is at 9:30 PM on the 22nd, you are better off looking at sunset times on the 22nd.
That gives you a 2 minute difference, with values only accurate to the minute, so somewhere between a 1 minute difference and a 3 minute difference.
But they aren't exactly the same longitude.
Ulaanbataar is further east and thus the sun should rise and set earlier.
With it being roughly 15 degrees per hour, each degree of longitude is 4 minutes.
So each minute of arc is roughly equal to 4 seconds.
Their ~ 6 arc minute difference equates to almost 30 s difference for sunrise and sunset time.
Then you also need to consider latitude and altitude.
Even on the equinox it still isn't perfectly 12 hours of day and night each. The further you are away from the equator, or the higher your altitude (at least assuming you aren't on a massive plateau) the more day and night you have. Ulaanbataar, being further away from the equator and a higher altitude has a longer amount of daylight hours than Jakarta. 12 hours and 10 minutes compared to 12 hours and 6 minutes.
So what is the problem?
You don't understand timezones?
Looking forward to seeing your creativity to blame me again
You mean a simple, honest analysis?
Hong Kong
Longitude: 114 E
Timezone UTC +8
Sunrise 06:12 AM UTC +8
Jakarta
Longitude: 106 E
Timezone UTC+7
Sunrives 05:42 AM UTC +7
Sunrives 06:42 AM UTC +8
Hong Kong first and then Jakarta later
It is the exact same error you made before.
You completely ignored the fact that time zones exist to pretend there was a problem.
London 06:47
Accra 05:50
Same problem, now with DST thrown in.
London 0647 UTC +1 = 0547 UTC
Accra 0550 UTC.
So roughly the same time.
👸: "Teacher, what time zones do London & Accra have?"
💂: "London GMT +0 And Accra GMT +1000"
You should get a new teacher.
💂: Accra is UTC, with no summer time or daylight saving time.
London varies, using summer time, which is UTC+1 from late March to late October and is UTC at other times.