Many flat-earthers believe that the moon, like the sun, is self luminous.
But how does that explain the very regular phases we observe? With the Full Moon being when the moon is furthest from the sun.
When one observes the phases of the moon he is simply observing the moon's day and night, a natural shadow from the sun illuminating half of the spherical moon at any one time.
The lunar phases vary cyclically according to the changing geometry of the Moon and Sun, which are constantly wobbling up and down and exchange altitudes as they rotate around the North Pole.
When the moon and sun are at the same altitude one half of the lunar surface is illuminated and pointing towards the sun, This is called the First Quarter Moon. When the observer looks up he will see a shadow cutting the moon in half. The boundary between the illuminated and unilluminated hemispheres is called the terminator.
When the moon is below the sun's altitude the moon is dark and a New Moon occurs.
When the moon is above the altitude of the sun the moon is fully lit and a Full Moon occurs.
The time between two full moons, or between successive occurrences of the same phase, is about 29.53 days (29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes) on average. This denotes the cycle of alternating altitudes
If you visit the wiki, the sun gives off one directional light towards the earth, and eventually the light fades out as it gets farther away from the sun, therefore, it does not illuminate the moon. Try again son.
You seem to have very many misconceptions about physics. Just because you can not see very far here at sea level, with a not very dense atmoplane, that does not mean that you can't see farther, especially when you board an aircraft, where there is much less air in between you and the object of your affection.
And you have many misconceptions about geometry!
In this diagram horizontal and vertical distances are to scale, but the object (and people) sizes are exaggerated, or they would be quite invisible.
OK, so you have the half the moon illuminated by the light from the sun. But,
it is illuminated on the side!. The observer directly underneath is looking straight up and
clearly sees only half the side facing him illuminated, see only a HALF MOON.
The other observer, for which the sun would be just setting and the moon rising, sees most of the part of the moon facing him as illuminated, so sees a nearly full moon.
But, we know for a fact that the
phase of moon does not change (substantially) throughout the night or for observers in different locations.
Please explain where I am mistaken, because is how I interpret what you say combined with what is in the Wiki.