I'll answer a couple of his questions. BTW they were not in any way related to the OP, but hey I'll give it a shot.
He asked about feeling the rotation of the Earth and the orbital movement of the Earth around the sun.
First, understand how small you are in relation to the Earth. The force of gravity is very much greater than the force you would feel due to the rotation. This is called centrifugal force, I gave a couple of posts about this complete with mathematical proofs. Gravity also answers the second part of you question, we are on the Earth it is moving we are moving with it. It formed while moving so it isn't like you are in a car and you feel the acceleration, more like you are in a car that is traveling at a constant speed. Gravity from the sun pulls the Earth towards it, which makes the Earth curve around the sun. This orbit, while you would expect to feel the centrifugal force (basically inertia) like if you were on a merry go round trying to throw you off of it, the force of the gravitational force that is causing you to orbit that mass is greater than that centrifugal force. That centrifugal force is also very very small due to the size of the circumference of that orbit. We make one revolution per year.
Side note, I guess I will have to resurrect the posts yet again and include orbital force calculations.
He also made the statement that gravity doesn't explain how the plane can fly along the curvature without making adjustments.
Well, in a big way gravity does, just not in the way you think I am going to explain it. Gravity holds the atmosphere to the Earth. The lower in elevation you are the thicker the air is. Air is a gas and will roughly conform to its "container", i.e the surface of the Earth. Since gravity is holding the air to the Earth and flying is actually move like swimming of surfing on a layer of the air, it would naturally follow that layer (pressure level) of atmosphere. Funny thing is that the air pressure can fairly accurately tell you the altitude you are, This is also another failure to see how small you and the plane are in relation to the Earth. The plane is "surfing" on the top of a pressure layer of the atmosphere, which conforms to the Earth. The plane can fly "straight" and as long as there is no weather anomaly that drastically changes the pressures in the surrounding layer it will in fact follow that layer without adjustments. If the layer curves, the planes path will curve, all without you knowing it due to how tiny you are in relation to that curved surface. This is another example of not knowing how something works, making an assumption, and then making more assumptions from it, we get you don't understand how a plane flies through the air, we get you do not understand how the atmosphere is curved with the Earth, just stop assuming the plane would fly into space because you don't understand.