I don't see how this is so difficult for you to understand. Light from the Sun is scattered in all directions by the atoms and molecules in the Earth's atmosphere. These rays are also refracted as they pass from the vacuum through the atmosphere, and they continue to be refracted and scattered as they pass through different temperature and density gradients. The ones that intersect your eyes form an image on your retina or whatever.
If what you described actually occurred, light of different wavelengths would refract at different angles and the Earth would have a terminator rainbow. I don't see rainbows at every dusk and dawn, so you must be incorrect. Dusk and dawn light still contains all wavelengths that are uniformly distributed.
Not so,
The sky is blue (generally) durring the day due to different wavelengths being more prone to scattering than others in the atmosphere.
When the sun gets strongly "off angle" and the light is traveling over longer paths a different kind of scattering occurs. I'd go more into detail but its damn late. You can wiki "sunset" and it goes into the different scattering types that occur. I even think wiki at this point goes into some of the math and physics for the different scattering types. Otherwise your local library should have a physics book and most of them cover this to at least some degree.
I think this is the experiment you were being asked to try:
http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/HOMEEXPTS/BlueSky.htmlhttp://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/14F.htmland a host of other examples.
It's pretty straight forward, so is the math and reproducibility. Not sure how we started talking about lasers and if they have a perfect uniform wave (they don't but they get close enough for most practical applications). In a nutshell, higher wavelengths are more prone to scatter, thus when you get a sunset, the scattering filters much of the higher frequencies leaving you with the orange and red hues that blend outward with the blue to give you a purple go between region.
I really don't get what aspect of this eludes you Irush, but you seem to be ignoring a lot of what is being presented and that combined with making comments about "winning" certainly paints you as a troll.
On a side note, I am curious how sky color changes are explained in the FE model. The RE theory for color shifts is pretty well backed up and repeatable both in math and simple and complex experiments and testing. The FE model (from most of what I've read) suggests a "spotlight" approach, I do not currently see an easy way for this to account for the color shift due to a combination of the idea of a spot light and how close to the earth the sun is estimated to be (according to what I've been told on this forum).