I've been looking around, but nowhere do I see an explanation for why light bends, or exactly how it actually works.
It's hard to find out what the consensus on the FET is when everybody has their own personal version of it.
What's the official version of the bendy light theory, why it works as it does (what makes it bend so exactly the way you need it to to make your theory work?) and exactly how it works.
After this much time to study the subject, I am sure you must have a valid theory with equations and functions that show which variables affect the bending of light.
There is no real official version.
The main idea is that some mysterious force that interacts only with photons, repels light upwards with respect of the earth. The particle that carries this force and the mass on the other end of the interaction are both undiscovered, and are only assumed to be in existence based on the assumption that light bends.
The light bends upwards in some secant path (which is impossible as I have shown in another thread, as this requires the force to depend on velocity of the light):
y=r(secant(r/x)-1)
Imagine a laser parallel to the ground pointing a beam of light.
y is the altitude of the light, x is the distance from the laser, and r is the radius of the earth.
The FE'ers thought a secant was to unnatural so someone, probably parsifal, decided to apply some half harted quadratic fit to the curve for low values of x. And so now we have a quardatic equation with 2 mathematical constants that got pulled from thin air, which can be touted as inspiration for the original equation.
But thats only half of the story. there's also some other form of bendly light that causes light that shines radially from the sun to fall on a semicircle on the flat earth (sun rise and sun set). there is no equation for this one.