Since you asked here are a few equations:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_EarthAdditionally some basic observations you could make which provide more logical conclusions than a mysterious dark shadow thing that casts shadows on the moon.
And to your reply:
1. NASA has, so you admit they have. Well, no argument there then. Even if you believe the moon landing was faked, prove the mars lander isn't currently on mars.
2. There are pictures of the earth from the moon. I am a photographer and use cameras all the time. Arguments against most of the photo fakes are weak, and inaccurate. Not accounting for reflections, film stocks, apertures, and lens distortion.
3. See above
4. We have sent a robot to mars. He is happily there right now proving there probably was water there. Your saying it is not there does not make it so. And it is ridiculous to assume it's a huge NASA game. There would have to be too many people involved, and it would never work.
5. Umm..McDonalds sucks anyway? I'm a burger king man myself
6. There is, and they've been working on various things for the last few weeks. You probably missed it in the news. I think one guy even did a downlink to some tv shows to say hi and float around and shit. Even with our best gravity simulation (the parabola zero G planes, which I have been on), the longest we can simulate zero g is 30 seconds or so. It would be impossible to do a live broadcast, uncut to a live audience with that technology and fake it well. Especially using things like props or water being thrown around to show the zero g effect. I make movies too, this would be nearly impossible to do live with the best cg.
Again, your arguments are simply "No it's not". I mean, that's a great argument, because how would anyone counter it? "Yes they are!" Ultimately it provides protection from flawed logic.