1) Why do different people have different explanations for certain things that dont agree with FE? Tom Bishop and others have claimed a shadow object, while you say something about light. Sounds like people just make up bullshit that fits the FE model without proof at all.
2) Prove your statement using mathematics and science, thanks.
1) There is a healthy debate going on in current physics between string theory and loop quantum gravity, which are rival theories-of-everything, trying to unite quantum mechanics and relativity . It's part of science to try our different hypotheses and work out the consequences until one is seen to be superior. Why would you hold FE to more stringent rules.
2) Exactly what I was doing. I have been drawing simple pictures of the math, as even though there seem to be some mathematically inclined people on this forum, differential geometry is fairly tricky stuff. If you're inclined to work it through, you just need a projective transform. It is the transform which takes a spherical earth into a disk with the hub/N pole at it's centre, which you can see elsewhere on this site. If you look up any book or reference on projective transforms you'll see they take all (circles and straight lines) into (circles and straight lines) - in other words most circles remain circles, but some become straight lines, and some straight lines become circles. You don't need to trust me, just look it up. And general relativity says the laws of physics, expressed in tensors, remain the same no matter what smoothly differentiable transform I apply to the coordinate system. All you need to do is to take the transform seriously as applying not just to the Earth's surface but also to the space above it. You'll find that not only do the optics work out, as I have shown, but also gravitation - guaranteed by general relativity itself.
I have to admit that the S pole/rim is the problem - it becomes a singularity as a disk and a sphere are different a more fundamental level than the metric. But conventional physics has singularities at the big bang, in black holes, around (so far hypothetical) cosmic strings, wormholes and other exotic beasts, so I'm just adding one more to the pantheon.