Unpowered pendulums are influenced not by the rotation of the earth, but by the gravitation of the rotating heavens, which rotate overhead at one rotation per 24 hours.
The large pendulums you would find in a museum running 24/7 are driven by electromagnets and are really just props. Real pendulums need to be reset every couple hours due to air friction.
It only needs to run a few hours to get useful data which makes it something anyone can test for themselves.
The thing about the rotating heavens, it doesn't explain the period of procession. It is directly proportional to latitude. You can predict the period knowing the latitude and vice versa. However, north of the equator it will process clockwise and counterclockwise south of the equator.
Additionally, it's symmetric about equator. At 50° N the pendulum will process clockwise at ≈11.5°/hr. At 50° S it will also process at ≈11.5°/hr in the counterclockwise direction.
This symmetry about the equator is hard to explain using rotating heavens.
Mike