So when someone sees this from space, this is the lit portion of the disk, correct?
So if the sun's light shines down on a circle of the earth, what is distorting the view from space to make it look like this crescent shape?
Also, since there is no atmosphere in space, the moon should be visible all of the time over the infinite plane given that there is nothing preventing one from being able to see it. So why can it not be seen all of the time, and why it can be seen rising up over the horizon while a craft/the ISS is in orbit. This image below will demonstrate what I'm talking about.
EDIT: Does the moon rest on the earth at times, and it is now rising up out of the fog of the atmosphere into space?